Tuesday, August 02, 2011

Inside Morocco's Healthcare System (sort of)

Probably the best way to end a lovely evening that includes a yummy dinner on a lovely restaurant terrace while being entertained by belly dancers (two young and gorgeous, one older, fully dressed, and dancing with a large tray of candles on her head!) is NOT to take a spill on a stair and land sprawling on the stone floor of the restaurant. Still, if you want a peek inside a Moroccan hospital, a minor injury is the way to go. Although my own recent experience with medical care in Marrakesh was more surreal than anything else, I would hate to need "real" emergency care in that lovely but strange city.

As many followers of our adventure already know, I sprained my ankle on our last full night in Marrakesh. It’s much better now; still a bit swollen but only hurts a little. A relief, since we’re traveling and not being able to walk would be a huge bummer. At the time, though, it was very painful and upsetting. Most of the diners were up on the terrace level, so it wasn’t quite the show it could have been, but it was still a lot more drama than I’m generally up for. A few restaurant employees came by and said, "All right, then?" almost in passing, as if of course I was and it was perfectly normal to be lying on the floor with my sweetheart bent over me. But once it was clear that I’d actually hurt my ankle quite badly, they were all on the spot and very nice and helpful. Of course, they did all get a lot more concerned and stopped mentioning travel insurance (which we do have) after Paul got out the camera and took photos of my foot and of the crumbling step I’d tripped on. The ambulance/no ambulance question was settled when I fainted briefly. Nights in Marrakesh in July remind me of those steamy nights in New York City back in the day when I had no air conditioning, sitting in an outdoor café in the late evening, skin permanently mildly sticky. Up on the terrace, the heat felt sultry and not unpleasant. Down inside the restaurant, though, with the shock of falling, it was just too much. Scared the hell out of my poor sweetheart, not to mention the restaurant people.

All things considered, I probably couldn’t have gotten myself down the two flights of stairs to the square (place, plaza, piazza) below on my own. Still, I don’t recommend being carried down a narrow, winding, stone stairway on a rubber stretcher. I’d hoped for a chair of some sort, but no: rubber stretcher with no straps. Erg. I didn’t get the feeling that those carrying me were particularly skilled at it, but who can tell? It’s a very odd sensation to be carried that way, not least of which because, having to look straight up, I couldn’t see where we were going. I had to stop holding on to the sides of the stretcher when I almost lost fingers a couple times. I also don’t particularly recommend riding in an ambulance through the bumpy streets of Marrakesh. The ambulance was full of diesel fumes, which did nothing to make me feel any better. And again, I couldn’t see anything except the ceiling and Paul. Not, it turns out, that there was anything else to see.

"There’s nothing in here," Paul said. No medical equipment, no bandages, not even water. A lone empty plastic bottle rolled up and down the empty supply cabinets, its hollow clatter emphasizing the lack of supplies of any kind. Luckily, I didn’t really need anything, but it did make me wonder what would happen if someone, say, had had a heart attack in a restaurant? Or a fall that involved lots of bleeding or something? Would they send a different, better equipped ambulance? Or the same kind I was in, which was clearly intended for transport only?

We’d already heard more than once (apropos of what, I can’t remember) that you never want to go to a public hospital in Morocco. There are several private clinics in Marrakesh, apparently. For reasons still not clear to me, we went to the military clinic. For reasons also not clear to me, the place was all but deserted. No other patients, not much in the way of staff either, at least that I could see. The room they brought me to had a bed but--again--almost nothing else in it. On the near-empty shelves there were a stethoscope and blood pressure cuff, but that was it. You’d think, given the lack of anything going on there, that they’d be happy to have something to do. You’d be wrong. They put me into a wheelchair, with nowhere to put my foot up (my wonderful sweetie knelt down to provide me with a footstool!) and, despite the fainting incident, no one checked vitals or asked me about anything. When I said I felt sick, the doctor brushed it off: it’s normal, he said, as if annoyed that I’d even mentioned it. After straightening out some paperwork, I was wheeled down a long, dark, empty corridor marked by many archways, the noise of Paul’s footsteps echoing in the empty hallway. I wish we’d taken a picture; it was totally surreal, something out of Harry Potter or, better, some black-and-white film noir from the ‘40s. We passed empty room after empty room and finally arrived in a bare-bones X-ray room. Two minutes and a few pics later and back we went down down down the long dark corridor (were the lightbulbs all burned out? were they over their electricity allotment for the week?) and back we went to the (ahem) emergency room. No fracture, it’s fine, the doctor said, almost accusingly. We were handed a piece of paper with prescriptions for an anti-inflammatory and a painkiller and told to buy a compression bandage the next day. Well yes, the doctor said when asked, it would be better to wrap it right away, but the drugstore wouldn’t be open till morning, I’d have to wait till then, he said, as if we were nuts to expect that they might have something--anything--available at the actual hospital. After Paul said, "can’t you wrap her ankle here now with something?" several times, the orderly rather reluctantly fished around in a drawer and came up with a tiny roll of gauze and wrapped it around my ankle as best he could, holding it in place with tape from an almost-empty roll that he cut with a loose scalpel blade from the same drawer. I reminded Paul that we needed a copy of the admit form or something in case we needed to make a claim with the travel insurance if our trip was delayed or further treatment was necessary. A copy? They seemed confused by the request. Why would we need a copy of anything? As it turns out, THEY DON’T HAVE A COPY MACHINE. They gave us the X-ray and we later got the prescription sheet back with the doctor’s name on it--luckily no further claim was necessary.

Again, this all worked out fine for me. But I wonder what would have happened if my ankle had been broken? They didn’t seem to have supplies of any kind. Worse than that, did they bring actual SICK people here? And, as Paul pointed out, this is the military hospital! While there’s no active combat going on in Morocco that I know of, do they not still have a military? With soldiers who do training exercises and might have the occasional accident or illness? I had a vision of an alternate reality, one that only came into being when some magic switch was pulled. One that turned the hospital into a well-lit, well-supplied care facility, buzzing with activity.

I should mention that the X-ray cost the equivalent of $35 dollars. We only know this because, though the restaurant paid for the ambulance and X-ray, the nice waiter who’d accompanied us to the hospital was a bit short of funds. After an initial worrying exchange, we realized that the balance due was 25 dirham, about $3.50! Also, there was almost no waiting around at all. It wasn’t even an hour later when we got a taxi home. The nice waiter came with us then got out halfway there to go fill the prescriptions. (So there is at least a late-night if not all-night pharmacy in Marrakesh!) He reappeared about a half hour later--of course he got lost looking for our riad, who wouldn’t--and promised to purchase the compression bandage the next day, which he did. He really was very sweet.

So despite the absolute weirdness of the hospital experience, my little injury drama worked out all right. The people from the restaurant were very helpful and kind. The restaurant manager texted Paul the next day to ask how I was. I spent the next day in our comfortable room in the riad with my foot up on pillows until it was time for dinner and then to leave for the overnight train back to Tangier. Our kind host at Riad Aguerzame, Laurent, rearranged rooms for incoming guests so I didn’t have to move before it was time for dinner and the house cook, the marvelous Wafaa, brought me orange juice and fresh baked croissants while Paul was out shopping. The overnight train and subsequent travel day was not as pleasant as one could hope, but since then the ankle has healed remarkably quickly. Maybe it was those magic anti-inflammatory pills from the Marrakesh drugstore.

Saturday, July 23, 2011

Fooood: Morocco! Part 1

Let me begin this post by stating that all claims of weight loss, potential or otherwise, are hereby declared null and void. I had hoped that walking all over Rome, Tangier, and Marrakesh would keep the mysterious looseness of clothing I noticed in Greece going--or at least offset any girth growth due to excessive pasta and bread consumption. It should also be noted that the mysterious clothing looseness in Greece was observed before the quest for saganaki (fried cheese) and keftedes (fried tomato balls) began in earnest. Go figure, right?

Anyway, I’ll get back to food in Rome, but first: Morocco!

It took us a few days to get into the swing of local Moroccan food, since the first night we were invited out for drinks with some British and American expats at the home of some friends of our friend Stefan, who owns the gorgeous hotel, Riad Dar Jameel, where we stayed in Tangier. We had a great time and drank Moroccan wine (which is surprisingly good) and ate take-out pizza from the local Pizza Hut--especially funny to us since we’d just come from Rome, where my saganaki quest had been replaced by an obsession with Roman pizza. To be fair, the Pizza Hut in Tangier is pretty good! And the company was even better!

The second night we went out to dinner with Stefan, who suggested a French restaurant, Le Relais de Paris. While French food is not exactly "Moroccan," it is still local, French being the second official language (and culture) of Morocco. Many locals who don’t speak English do speak French, which came in handy for us more than once. Moroccan Arabic actually seems to contain a lot of French words and expressions. (On the train from Tangier to Marrakesh later that week, three people in our compartment held an animated conversation (nonstop for three hours, sigh) that seemed to switch back and forth between Arabic and French the way Puerto Rican girls on the New York subway used to do with English and Spanish. Not sure if that was the case here, or if that’s just the way Moroccan Arabic is, but it was odd to suddenly understand a few sentences in the middle of an otherwise incomprehensible exchange). In any case, this restaurant is run by friends of Stefan’s. Tangier is a pretty small community so most of the business owners tend to know--or at least know of--each other. And Stefan, of course, knows where the good restaurants are.

But back to the food! Le Relais de Paris features seafood, and here we were, by the sea, by the sea, by the beautiful sea (actually, the Bay of Tangier and Strait of Gibraltar). So fish it was: a lovely sea bass (my favorite) for me and some John Dory for both Paul and Stefan (who are both English and John Dory is apparently an English thing; it’s a simple, meaty white fish) and starters of salad with scallops and gambas (little shrimp), both of which were delicious. Those who remember my rant about shrimp in their shells will be relieved to know that these were very small prawns and were not only wonderfully garlicky (like the Spanish gambas ajillo, except not swimming in oil) and mouth-party yummy, but were decidedly OUT of their shells. Speaking of mixing languages, this menu listed salade de gambas, which rather mixed up French and Spanish. All well, you can actually SEE Spain from the terrace of the restaurant. [Feel free to insert your own Sarah Palin joke here.]

Okay, okay. MOROCCAN food. Tagine. Couscous. Olives. Spices. Mmmmmmmm.

So: the first trick to finding a good restaurant in Tangier is actually finding it. You can think that you’ll be able to navigate the twists and turns of the Medina, but don’t kid yourself. Most places you’ll never find on your own without serious directions. Not to mention finding your way back! We were lucky enough to have not only Stefan’s guidance, but the help of the rest of the staff at Dar Jameel. For our third night in Tangier, Stefan couldn’t join us but recommended a place called Le Nabab. It’s just around the corner, he said. Well, yes, but…. Luckily, the very nice young clerk who was manning the night desk at Dar Jameel decided it would be easier to take us there than to explain how to get there. Sure enough, it was just around the corner--and then turn that next corner and now you're behind the riad, then go up and turn right then left and right up the stairs. Needless to say, though it took only about three minutes to get there, we would NEVER have found the place on our own.

The Medina, I’ve come to learn, is not twisty and turny and completely impossible to navigate by accident. In addition to being the old market neighborhood of North African cities, the narrow streets and impenetrable maze provided a defense of the city behind the Medina. Invaders coming by sea (in the case of Tangier, at least) would have a damn hard time making their way through. In more modern times, it’s also proved handy for leading tourists into your relatives’ shops while pretending to guide them through the maze to their hotels.

Anyway, Le Nabab. Up at the edge of the Medina, the restaurant was spacious and lovely and just about empty. More diners arrived while we were there, I’m happy to report, because the food and the service here are both great. Most important, we finally had tagine. I wavered between chicken with olives and lemon and chicken with apricot (the waiter’s favorite). What decided it was a memory from that day’s lunch. We’d eaten at a touristy French place near the beach, with unremarkable food except for the bowl of olives they’d placed on the table. They were stuffed with preserved lemons and were so good we ate two bowls of them. So, for the first time, I ordered a tagine of chicken with olives and lemon. A seminal moment! Paul had lamb with couscous.

We started with a selection of Moroccan salads. Cucumbers! So happy to see them again (they don’t seem to figure into Roman salads). And with tomatoes! But that’s where the resemblance to Greek and Turkish cucumber-and-tomato salads ends. The tomatoes have been stewed in spices whose names are known to locals and the Gods of Food, but not to me (but I’m hoping to find out). Another salad featured eggplant (which made Paul really happy) and yet another had carrots and I forget what else. All in tidy circle molds on the plate. Did I remember to take a picture? Sadly, no. All were delicious, and so was the bread. Moroccan bread in all its guises is dangerously addictive.

For those who might not be familiar with the concept, a tagine is both a way of cooking food and the vessel--a round plate with raised edges with a cone-shaped top--in which it is cooked and presented. Our entrees both arrived in plain tagines and were unveiled with all due ceremony. The sauce and spices on the the chicken were good enough to inspire weeping and much cleaning of the plate with yet more bread. The lamb was also delicious (we switched for a bit) but the chicken was the clear winner.

We also had a bottle of Moroccan wine, again at the suggestion of the waiter. Frankly, not realizing that the wine we’d had on our first night was local, I was afraid it was going to be like Turkish wine, which ranges from undrinkable to, well, sort of drinkable. But this was great. We bought another bottle to take "home" with us.

As it turns out, chicken with olives and lemon became the dish celebre of our Moroccan interlude. I tried (and mostly succeeded) to have it every day once we got to Marrakesh, especially after we had the dish as cooked by the miraculous Wafaa at the Riad Aguerzame on our first night there.

But first, we had one more night in Tangier. That afternoon, we took a walk up to the Casbah, the ramparts and adjoining neighborhood above the Medina. We actually managed to shake the "new best friends" who attach themselves to you like barnacles and insist on guiding you whether you want to be guided or not. The secret was not so much ignoring them completely (which is a start but which frankly usually doesn’t work) as then ignoring their "no don’t go that way, there's nothing there" and ending up in a residential part of the lower Casbah that is free of barnacles and new best friends. Paul and I walked along the ramparts and through the streets of the Casbah neighborhood (it had been confided to us that residents of the Casbah look down (figuratively as well as literally) on their neighbors in the Medina) then made our way down a hill and back to the northern (I think!) edge of the Medina. "We’ve been lost here before," I said to Paul, appropriating one of my dad’s bad jokes (which he, I believe, learned from his father). It was a key moment for me: I actually knew where we were! And (sort of!) how to get back to the hotel from there. Believe me, in the Medina of Tangier, this is no mean feat.

But I digress. On that road where we’d been lost before we passed the restaurant Hammadi, which is in all the guidebooks under local Moroccan food. As we passed, a tour group from the Hotel Continental (a large western-style hotel very near our riad hotel), herded by a djellaba-wearing guide holding the obligatory flag pole, exited the restaurant. I’m a New Yorker: I immediately thought of Mama Leone’s (now defunct) in the theater district, where for decades every hapless tourist staying anywhere near Times Square was fed mediocre spaghetti and meatballs. "Not going there!" said Paul, who is not a New Yorker but who also has a horror of tourist restaurants. Instead, we found a restaurant on TripAdvisor, Saveur de Poissons (Taste of Fish!), that sounded good. The reviews were in French and Italian but we caught the word Berber in there (Berbers are the indigenous people of northern Africa), so figured there would be a Moroccan influence to the seafood.

To think, we nearly missed this experience! While chatting with our friend the night desk clerk at the hotel, Paul happened to mention seeing the tour group at Hammadi, and the clerk, a native of Tangier, opined to our surprise that Hammadi is one of his favorite restaurants. Huh. "Should we go there instead?" I asked my husband. "Certainly," Paul replied, since we always prefer a recommendation from a local. Not to mention, it was closer than Saveur de Poissons and we (sort of) knew how to get there.

I am happy and proud to announce that I not only found Hammadi without further directions, but that I also found Saveur de Poissons after we arrived at Hammadi, realized that we were the only customers in the very large restaurant and that the menu was weirdly limited and clearly geared for tourists, and learned that they were out of fish for the fish tagine, which gave us an excuse to make our exit. Lucky us! Probably Hammadi would have been perfectly fine. But we were about to have an "experience."

Saveur de Poissons is just outside the Medina up in "town." We’d been to town a few times (I had a pedicure!) so I had a basic idea of where Avenue de la Liberté was. We found Escalier Waller, where the restaurant is located, almost by accident and by realizing that of course "escalier" means "stairway" in French. There was a small crowd outside the restaurant. "Are we all waiting to get in?" we asked. Yes indeed, we were.

We were happy and lucky to meet a lovely Moroccan woman who spoke perfect English. When I complimented her on it, her companions laughed. She is, she said, an English teacher from Rabat. She was there visiting a friend and we all had a nice chat while we waited for a table in the small restaurant. We found out later that her name is Zineb. Fortuitous timing: not only did we meet very nice people, but we got the scoop on the restaurant. There is no menu. Everyone gets the same meal and it’s whatever the eccentric Berber owner and chef decided what was for dinner that night. The price was fixed and not expensive. No wine or coffee would served. (I know what you’re thinking about the "no wine" thing. Stop it. Stop it right now.)

The restaurant is crowded, but in a nice way. The little owner is buzzing around carrying plates of food, talking to it—or about—as he bustles. It sounds to Paul and me like he’s saying "wakka wakka wakka" but Zineb said he’s eccentric (no kidding!) and is muttering to himself and the world about how good the food is and how good it is for you. Maybe he was doing that as well, but later, in Marrakesh, Wafaa told us that "wakka wakka" means something like "okay okay," which had actually been my guess!

In addition to no wine or coffee, there’s no air conditioning, and it gets HOT in this place. The little owner came by and fanned me with a straw fan, then gave it to Paul and instructed him to fan me with it. Which he did. What a nice husband I have.

Oh wait: you want to hear about the food? Ah, well, first the waiter (such as he was) spread some paper on the table (which was already covered with a well-worn plastic tablecloth). Then he brought a huge bowl heaping with four different kinds of bread, a bowl of black olives, a bowl of nuts, and a smaller bowl with some kind of red sauce. The nuts were delicious but hard to place. Somewhere between a peanut (I know, not technically a nut) and an almond. We found out from Zineb that they are in fact almonds that have been boiled and peeled, and then baked. They were so good; I’m going to have to try to make that. The olives were yummy and steeped in a spicy oil that was great with the bread. Oh, the bread: the top layer was, of all things, a big crumpet. There were also layers of paper-thin brown flatbread, an almost spongy white flat-but-thick bread, and the ubiquitous brown bread we’d had everywhere in Tangier. What was in the sauce? There were tomatoes, there were spices, who knows what else. It was great with everything. Next came soup: a fish soup that was not-at-all fishy. It seemed to have a potato base and was almost bland but then you realize that it’s not so much bland as subtle. ("Subtle," by the way, is not a word generally used to describe Moroccan dishes. Neither is "bland.") Next came a very hot dish of bite-sized seafood sizzling in oil and spinach and yet more unidentifiable-but-delicious spices. Tiny little shrimp, rings of calamari, little bites of swordfish or something like it. Yummy and eaten with yet more bread. Then a big plate with a whole fish--John Dory again, Paul said, served whole and festooned with parsley and other herbs. On the side, two swordfish kebabs in yet more and different spices.

As mentioned earlier, wine is not served here (it’s a Muslim thing). Instead, there’s a pitcher of thick fruit juice that’s poured into short stem glasses. Hard to tell what’s in there: plums, I think, grapes, other things as well. When Paul asked the waiter what it was, the answer was "fruit." Not much English spoken at Saveur de Poissons and, despite its name, not a whole lot of French either. For dessert we were brought a dish of the boiled/baked almonds with honey and barley and huge slices of a honeydew-like melon running with juice. But before we could eat it, the little owner came by and pulled a bag of some dark powder out of his pocket. Good for digestion, good for liver, is what we made out what he was saying. He placed a pinch of it in my hand and mimed knocking it back. But wait! You need a big piece of melon ready to follow it--whether for the bitterness or as some sort of activating ingredient, I don’t know. He gave some powder to Paul as well, and a nice bit to take home with us. I guess it could seem strange to ingest without question some weird powder in a foreign country where you don’t know the language. But we went with it, what the heck. We were then taken into a back room lined with ceramic pots. Dipping thick oil into a plastic container, he handed it to us saying "good for skin!" If I can figure out how to bring it home, I will. We also left with a basket ("for market," he said) and a set of the rather strange wooden utensils we’d eaten with earlier. Plus the fan.

Zineb and I exchanged email addresses as we left. I hope I hear from her. Coming up: Food in Marrakesh. (And Italy, I won’t forget.)

More photos of Tangiers:

Monday, July 11, 2011

The Surprise(s) of Rome

When I used to do road trips across the US, I always said that planning was half the fun. Getting out the maps, checking the routes, researching what there is to see and do along the way. Since I’ve been traveling with Paul the last few years, though, it often happens that I’m busy with something right before the trip and don’t have time to read up on where I’m going. So more than once, I’ve gotten off a plane without much idea of what I’d find. (Hmm, Geneva: birthplace of Calvinism and fondue! What else?)

As you can imagine, trying to plan a trip of this length while also planning (and having!) a wedding didn’t leave much time for extensive research on any one place. Rome, for instance. Now, everyone knows--and of course I did--about the Vatican and St. Peter’s and the Trevi Fountain, etc. But beyond that, well, not so much.

If I had, some of the "surprises" might not have been so much of a surprise: oh! Raphael is buried in the Pantheon. Who knew? (Well, lots of people, but not me!) Luckily, Paul had in mind some historic churches to visit (my atheist husband is even more of a church fan than I am), but even he was surprised by some of the things we found along the way:

Tombs of saints! I don’t know why I’d be surprised to find the tomb of St. Catherine of Siena, one of the patrons of Rome, buried in a Roman church. I mean, this is Rome, of course there will be saints and popes buried here! Maybe because so many early saints are apocryphal, and even I (who once wrote a play called Lives of Saints) forget which ones were real and which were stories of one sort or another. Catherine of Siena was real (she was a nun and mystic who served the poor of Rome) and not terribly early (1300s) by Roman standards. And there is her tomb, right under the altar at Santa Maria sopra Minerva church. Her head, however, lies elsewhere ("stolen" by her followers and returned to her hometown, Siena).

Apparently that head/body thing is not so unusual. A day or two earlier, we’d been at the church of St. Agnes (Sant’Agnese in Agone), which houses the head (which at this point is a skull--lucky since it is displayed in a reliquary for all to see—of the young virgin and martyr but not her body (which is at another church in Rome bearing her name). (And yes, that's it in the photo.) This church has the added distinction of being built on the very spot of the young (age 12 or 13) saint’s martyrdom. One could be forgiven for confusing Agnes with one of the apocryphal virgin/martyrs of the early church (300 AD), since the stories around her death--if not the reports of her death--have been greatly exaggerated. Like others of her ilk, Agnes was a young Christian virgin who refused the marriage proposal of a "pagan" bigwig and was condemned to death. (One assumes that the death sentence was technically for being a Christian, not for refusing a marriage proposal, a nice technicality for spurned pagan bigwigs.) According to the legends, she was made to walk naked through the town (in some versions of the story she is dragged to a brothel since it was illegal to execute virgins). Miraculously, her hair suddenly grew and grew to cover her nakedness. She was then burned at the stake, but the flames refused to burn her. So, like other saints whose bodies have survived traditional execution methods (see St. Margaret, St. Catherine of Alexandria, etc.), she was beheaded. (There’s also a story about lions in there somewhere.) But Agnes herself, legends notwithstanding, seems to have been a real person.

Tombs of artists! In addition to Raphael’s grave in the Pantheon, we happened upon the tomb of the sculptor Bernini (whose glorious statues, David and Apollo and Daphne we’d seen in the Galleria Borghese) in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore (St. Mary Major; that is, the biggest church in Rome dedicated to the Virgin Mary), and that of the early Italian Renaissance painter Fra Angelico at Santa Maria sopra Minerva.

Unexpected works of great artists! Also in Santa Maria sopra Minerva, there’s a statue (Christ the Redeemer) by Michelangelo just standing there (so to speak) in the church. As tourists, you can’t get anywhere near the Pietà in St. Peter’s (not since the incident in the 1970s when some nut came at the statue with a hammer). And in the Piazza Navona, where St. Agnes is (at least, her head), there is a delightful statue by Bernini.

Famous relics of Christianity! What is that in that tiny chapel down those stairs in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore? Why, it’s the remnants of the Holy Crib, the manger of Bethlehem! Well, gosh. And just down the street, at St. John Lateran, you’ll find the actual steps from the Jerusalem home of Pontius Pilate, which supposedly Jesus walked up several times of the day of his Passion, and which are said to be stained with his blood. They’re covered with wood now, so there’s no seeing the blood stains. Pilgrims climb these stairs on their knees.

A note about the authenticity of relics seems in order. Throughout the Middle Ages there were relic salesmen traveling around Europe hawking the bones of some saint or another, or the liquid that oozed from the tomb of some other saint, or even pieces of the "true" cross. How many of these were hucksters? Right. At least one of the pieces of wood in the silver and crystal reliquary in Santa Maria Maggiore has been proved to be not-at-all authentic (it came from the backing of a painting from the 1500s). Even the guidebook sold at the church admits that the provenance of the other pieces of wood can't be accurately traced. This does not in any way stop the faithful from venerating and praying before the relic. The Pontius Pilate steps (Scala Sancta) at St. John Lateran might be a different case. It seems that St. Helena, mother of the emperor Constantine, took a trip to Jerusalem in the early 300s and had the staircase brought back to Rome. I mean, it's possible that in that shorter period of time (only a few hundred years!) people would know where the Roman Prefect would have lived. Why not? I do remember, though, my summer as playwright-in-residence at an artist colony in Woodstock, New York. Tourists down in town were always asking where the famous 1969 concert was held, and locals would point at some random field and say, "oh, it was right over there." (It was in fact held 14 miles away from the town of Woodstock.) St. Helena, it must also be noted, had a real "thing" for relics.

Hidden churches and pagan altars! One of the most interesting places we visited was the Church of St. Clemente--not far from St. John Lateran and quite near the Colosseum. By anyone’s standard, the present church, built in the 1100s, is pretty old. But beneath this church is an earlier church, built in the 4th century, not long after the emperor Constantine declared Christianity to be the official religion of Rome. Though the word "dank" springs to mind when walking through this underground church (there are plenty of springs under here), it’s a fascinating sight. There is a reasonably intact fresco from the 4th century here. You’re not supposed to take photographs but Paul snuck (sneaked?) the photo here. But that’s not all! Underneath the 4th century church is a 1st century private home, which includes, among other things, a Mithraic altar. (Mithraism was one of the old Roman religions.) How cool is that?

This place made me wonder what, if anything, might remain of the temple of Minerva under the Catholic church built on top of it. Yep, that’ why they call it Santa Maria sopra Minerva (sopra=on top of). Take that, ancient Classical goddess! Ouch! Having looked it up, it seems that church was built over the foundations of the temple (which, it turns out, may have actually been a temple of the Egyptian goddess Isis, not Minerva at all). Well, that makes sense from the Catholic point of view: after all, one of the ways they spread their religion throughout Europe so quickly was by appropriating pagan imagery and deities and putting a layer of Christianity on top.

Back to St. Clemente. This church is, as I mentioned earlier, situated near the Colosseum in what is (obviously) a very old part of Rome. As we walked down the street between the church and that ancient edifice, we couldn't help but be aware that there was very likely the remnants of at least one older civilization under our feet.

Which brings me to the first of the "little" surprises, the ones that wouldn’t necessarily be mentioned in a guidebook. Again and again, while walking from one church/restaurant/piazza to another, we’d come upon yet another archaeological site in one state of excavation or another. Or we’d notice what is clearly a very old structure either built around or even incorporated into a more modern building. More little things: the artworks that adorn so many random corner buildings. Gas stations located right on the sidewalk of a busy street.

I have to admit it: I didn’t fall in love with Rome on first sight. The apartment we rented was wonderfully comfortable and spacious, but the neighborhood, Vatican walls notwithstanding, didn’t inspire me. Even the charming stairway that linked the Viale Vaticano with the rest of the neighborhood didn’t do it, since the rest of the neighborhood wasn’t terribly interesting and didn’t even have good grocery shopping. It didn’t feel like what I expected Rome to feel like. And for the first few days, we went to the obligatory tourist attractions (and they really are obligatory for good reason) and, of course, they are full of tourists. Rome crept up on me slowly, when there was time later in the week to walk along the Tiber, to hang out in the Trastevere area (which seems to me--and I’m sure I’m not the first to think so--to be the Greenwich Village of Rome), to return for a third time to the gelato place a few blocks below the Spanish Steps. I felt like I was just getting the hang of la dolce vita when it was time to go. Ah well: we did each throw a coin into the Trevi Fountain, which is said to ensure a return to Rome. And, after all, the next stop is Tangier!


Link Here are links to the rest of the posted Rome photos (we still haven't gone through the Vatican pics!). Warning: lots of photos!
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